_{Glasses frame}

Glasses frame is an important part of glasses, mainly play the role of supporting glasses, the appearance of beautiful glasses frame can also play a beautiful role. Material is mainly metal, plastic or resin, natural materials and so on. By style, it can be divided into full box, half box, no box and other types.
Material
Metals, plastics or resins, natural materials
Type
Full frame, half frame, no frame
Metal material
Copper alloys, nickel alloys and precious metals

Structure

A pair of glasses frame is usually composed of mirror ring, nose bracket, pile head and mirror foot and other main parts, in addition to the above parts, there are foot cover, bracket screw, hinge screw and so on.
1. ring (frame): the assembly position of the lens, with wire, nylon wire and screws, with grooves or holes to fix the lens, it affects the lens cutting and the shape of the glasses.
2. nose: connect the left and right mirror rings or directly with the lens fixed connection, the nose has a direct placed on the nose, but also through the support leaf support on the nose.
3. nasolabial: including stipules pedicel, stipules box and stipules, stipules in direct contact with nose, acting to support and stabilize the mirror frame. Some cast-formed plastic frames can be connected without a bracket stem and a bracket box, which is connected to a mirror ring.
4. pile head: the connection between the mirror ring and the mirror foot, which is generally curved.
5. mirror foot: the hook frame is on the ear, can move, connect with the pile head, play the role of fixed mirror ring.
6. hinge: a joint connecting the pile head and the mirror foot.
7. locking block: tighten the screw and fasten the locking block on both sides of the opening of the mirror ring, thus fixing the action of the lens.

Material

Metal material

The metal materials used in glasses frame are copper alloy, nickel alloy and precious metal.
Requirements have a certain hardness, softness, elasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, light weight, luster and good color and so on. Therefore, the metal materials used to make glasses frames are almost all alloys or used after processing on metal surfaces.
1. bronze frame (copper zinc alloy)
The main components are copper 64%, zinc 18%, nickel 18%, mirror frame materials are the cheapest and easy to process electroplating mainly used to make hinge wire, small parts and low-grade mirror frame.
2. Alloy Mirror
Nickel content up to 80%, mainly nickel-chromium alloy, manganese-nickel alloy and so on, high-nickel alloy corrosion resistance is better, in addition, the material elasticity is good.
3. Menel frames
Nickel-copper alloy, nickel content of about 63% copper 28%, in addition to iron, manganese and other small amounts of metals, especially: corrosion resistance, high strength, welding firm, for the middle frame using the most materials.
4. Pure Titanium Mirror
The specific gravity of titanium is only 4.5, very corrosion-resistant, the strength is 2 times that of steel, used in the manufacture of space shuttle case, etc., known as "space metal ", and there is no metal allergy, early titanium has problems such as cutting difficulty, welding difficulty, and so on. With the development of technology, these problems have been gradually solved in the Japanese market, titanium has become the mainstream, and the titanium in the European and American is also mainly from Japan. The titanium frame is generally expressed as Ti-P or TiTAN, and is basically made of titanium except for wire, hinge and screw.
5. Memory Titanium Alloy Mirror
A new alloy consisting of nickel and titanium at an atomic ratio of 1:1, which is 25% lighter than the general alloy and has the same corrosion resistance and excellent elasticity as titanium. Memory titanium alloy: under 0℃ for shape memory characteristics, between 0 and 40℃ for high elasticity, memory titanium material corrosion resistant type is higher than Monel alloy and high nickel alloy, but less than pure titanium and β- titanium.
6.β-TiTAN titanium alloy
Refers to pure titanium (70%) and cobalt, chromium and other rare metals (30%) after the formation of a special alloy, ultra-light super-elastic frame can be done very fine. Because the alloy stable form of titanium in rare metals such as cobalt and chromium is very good, it will not produce skin allergy phenomenon, and it will be more widely developed in the coming decades.
7. gold shelf
The process is to add solder or direct mechanical bonding between the surface metal and the matrix. Compared with electroplating, the surface metal layer of the coated material is thicker, and it also has a bright appearance, which has good durability and corrosion resistance. The expression of the gold number: according to the provisions of the International Conference on Precious Metals, the proportion of gold to alloy weight of more than 1/20 products with GF, less than 1/20 products with GP.
8.K Gold Shelf
generally 18 K gold, indicating that the content of pure gold 24 K in the frame is 18/24. If expressed in 750/1000, indicate that the substance containing silver, copper and other substances is 250/1000. 18K gold glasses, weight is 40 grams, gold content is 18K÷24×40=30 grams.

Plastics or resins

Generally used to make glasses frame non-metallic materials mainly use synthetic resin as raw materials, divided into thermoplastic and thermosetting resin two categories.
1. celluloid
Is a very early used to make glasses material, has been rare in the early 21st century, celluloid plasticity, hardness, can be dyed into a variety of colors, the disadvantage is poor stability, easy to corrode aging; friction will give out camphor smell, can be used to identify this material. Due to the characteristics of aging and flammable burning, it is rarely used.
2. acetate
Compared with celluloid, acetate is not flammable. General chemical frame for this material, according to the processing method, but also can be divided into injection frame and plate frame.
3. Injection Frame
Low cost seam, rough, used for sunglasses low gear frame (hot working manufacturing).
4. stand
Made with cold processing, fine, good quality, durable, most of the non-metallic frames are made of plate material of carbon crystal frame: characterized by high strength, strong, but the material is more brittle, after the impact of winter impact collision, easy to brittle, the method of distinguishing carbon crystal frame is: there are obvious cutting marks at the mirror leg.
5. epoxy
Light specific gravity, bright colors, and good elasticity, long life, epoxy resin was first developed by the European glasses company mainly used to manufacture CD、Dunhill and other famous brand shelves. The method of distinguishing epoxy resin is that there is no stamen at the leg of the mirror, while the acetate frame has a metal stamen. In addition, the epoxy resin frame is more colorful.

Natural materials

The natural materials used to make eyeglass frames are grits, special wood and animal heads. Generally wooden glasses frame and cattle horn frame is very rare, common is the glasses frame.
1. shelf
Is the use of tropical marine casings as raw materials made of glasses frame, the main origin of the West Indies. Its advantages are light weight, beautiful luster, easy processing and polishing, plastic when heated, can be joined when heated and pressurized, no irritation to the skin, and durable has the value of preservation.
In all kinds of glasses frame is high-grade products, is very popular with middle-aged men wearing. The disadvantage is that it is easy to break compared with materials such as celluloid, but it can be glued and repaired after fracture. In the counter display should be placed in water to prevent drying, in the use of maintenance must not use ultrasonic cleaning, or will be white luster. Since the cormorant is a prohibited animal in the ocean, the yield is low and expensive.
2. horn
The bullhorn frame is not common in the early 21st century.

Mixed materials

The frame is made of metal and plastic. Some of these frames are made of plastic wrapped in metal, i.e., partially or wholly in celluloid; others are made of different materials in different parts of the frame, i.e., the front frame is plastic, the foot of the frame is metal, or the front frame is metal, and the foot of the mirror is plastic; some are mixed with the above two methods, such as the use of plastic for the eyebrow and nose, the use of stainless steel for the frame, and the use of plastic for the foot of the mirror to cover the metal. The mixing frame is exquisite and beautiful, giving people a sense of elegance, because the outer plastic close contact with the inner metal material is not easy to burn, increasing the strength of the mirror frame.

Category

1. full frame: is the most commonly used type of frame, characterized by firm, easy to shape, can cover part of the lens thickness.
2. nylon wire frame: with a very fine nylon wire as part of the frame edge, the lens is specially ground to smooth its lower edge, there is a narrow groove in the lower edge, so that the nylon wire embedded in the groove, forming a bottomless frame pattern, so the weight is very light, giving a light and unique feeling, but also relatively firm.
3. no frame: this kind of frame has no mirror ring, only metal nose bridge and metal mirror foot, the lens and nose bridge and mirror foot are directly fastened by screws, generally to punch holes in the lens. No frame is lighter and more chic than ordinary frame, but the strength is slightly worse.
4. frame: there are two sets of lenses at the front frame, one of which can be turned up, usually indoor and outdoor dual use.
5. folding frame: the frame can be folded into 40% discount or 40% discount, mostly for reading mirror.
6. half frame frame frame: the half frame is made of a very fine nylon wire as part of the frame edge, characterized by light weight, give people a sense of light and chic, but also relatively firm.
7. eyebrow frame: the eyebrow frame is similar to the half frame frame frame, the upper half frame has only a circle wire similar to the eyebrow, with a very fine nylon thread as the lower part of the frame edge, the style is more fashionable.

Titanium Mirror Frame

The titanium glasses frame belongs to the middle and high grade consumer goods. In recent years, with the improvement of the living standard of our people, the demand for titanium glasses frame has expanded rapidly in China, and many manufacturers of titanium glasses frame have appeared in China, but their raw materials are still imported from Japan. At present, the domestic self-developed production of titanium glasses frame wire manufacturers are few, glasses frame β titanium alloy wire production in China is also in the development stage.
Difference between pure titanium ,β titanium and titanium alloys
1. pure titanium: refers to titanium purity of more than 99% titanium metal materials. Its melting point is high, the material is light, the corrosion resistance is strong, the electroplating layer is firm. But in the glasses industry, pure titanium frames are often made of a titanium.
2.β titanium: refers to the titanium material that completes the β particles by delayed cooling in the zero boundary state of titanium. As a result ,β titanium is not a titanium alloy, it is only titanium material in another molecular state, and the general so-called titanium alloy is not the same thing.
With better strength, fatigue resistance and environmental corrosion resistance than pure titanium and other titanium alloys, the shape is very plastic, can be made into wire and sheet, more lightweight, used to make glasses, can get more shape and style, is a new generation of glasses making materials. For customers with high requirements for style and weight, we can completely choose glasses β titanium material, because the processing technology of β titanium is higher than pure titanium, generally only large factories and brands will produce, the price is higher than pure titanium glasses.
3. titanium alloy: this definition is broad and in principle contains titanium materials can be called titanium alloys.

Titanium Mirror

Purchase method

A good frame should be stable, safe, reliable, harmless to the skin material, and light weight, strong and not deformation. For customers, often from the practical point of view of the mirror frame to buy.
Selection of frames according to visual condition and use
Length of wear
If the glasses are used for a long time, you can relax other conditions and choose a lighter shelf to reduce wear fatigue. If the glasses are only in reading, watching TV and other concentrated eyes wear, can be based on the needs of individuals to choose the frame.
Visual condition
It is not suitable to choose half frame and frameless frame for those with high near view, because the thickness of lens is thicker and the collocation of frameless frame is not only not beautiful but also easy to damage. If the astigmatism degree is higher, it is not suitable to choose the frame-free frame, because the lens with the frame-free frame will have the problem of astigmatism axis displacement after long time use, which will lead to the deformation of the object.
Specific requirements
If the purpose of matching the mirror is to a large extent for the image and attendance of the matching needs. At the same time, in the visual condition of the frame limit is not high, can be selected according to their specific needs. And often engaged in large physical activity and exercise, should choose a more compact frame and plastic sheet material frame, in order to reduce the chance of glasses due to accidental impact damage. We also recommend wearing contact lenses for exercise.
People who are busy and often on business trips can choose the mirror frame of memory material to avoid the deformation and damage of the mirror frame caused by frequent picking and wearing, littering, or being broken and crushed by improper placement when riding a train or plane.
Four-step selection of high-quality frames
1. styles —— popular
With the individuation of consumption demand, the fashion function of glasses is paid more and more attention. The choice of style should be combined with the current popular color and popular elements. At the same time, with reference to the corresponding style to decide what materials to buy the frame will be targeted.
2. color —— look deep
Put the glasses flat in front of the eyes, under the same light intensity to observe whether the color of the mirror leg is different, sometimes due to processing errors, there will be left and right mirror leg color asymmetry.
3. process —— look at the details
The craft is the quality assurance of the mirror frame, and whether the craft of a pair of mirror frame is excellent often manifests in the detail.
(1) Pay more attention near the welding point of the metal frame to see if there are cracks. Because the thermal effect of welding changes the stress structure of the material, or virtual welding, material fatigue and so on make it easy to break when the force.
(2) Whether the legs of the two mirrors are flat. Place the frame flat on the table to see if the contact point is suspended. If one side of the high side of the low situation, it is necessary to require professionals to adjust the mirror legs to achieve the effect of left and right balance up and down symmetry.
(3) The supporting leaf of the frame should be careful whether the two sides are symmetrical and the degree of fixation is safe.
(4) For metal frames, you can pick your nails to see if the paint will scratch. For the plastic sheet frame, carefully observe its surface with or without plastic particles, rough.
(5) Open and close the mirror legs and feel elastic. It is generally believed that the tighter the better view is wrong, that means that the screw lubrication is not enough, easy to cause damage to the mirror leg, too loose is not good, maybe the screw is not tightened. Moderate tightness is best.
Look at the material ——4. logo
Gold and titanium are precious metals, so the frames containing both materials are marked on the legs:
(1) The GF/GP：GF is a gold-coated frame, i.e. a mirror frame made of thin gold sheets welded to other metal substrates; the GP is a gold-plated frame, i.e. gold is plated on the surface of other metal frames by electro-plating.
(2) Ti-P/Ti-C：Ti is a label containing titanium, Ti-P represents pure titanium and Ti-C titanium.
At the same time, there are provisions for frame materials: manufacturers can not use those frame contact with the skin caused by adverse irritation of materials to make frames. Whether metal or non-metallic all need to go through color processing, to have a variety of color on the market frame. So, when we buy the frames, we need to be more attentive once we find the smell weird.
5. optical and metrological requirements
The optical and measuring technical index of the glasses frame is very important for the comfort of the consumer wearing glasses. The selection of the glasses frame must meet the optical and metering requirements:
(1). The geometric center size of the glasses frame is best close to the binocular pupil distance (less than 4 to 10 mm is preferred).
Considering that the blank of the lens must be cut through the center to be able to fit the lens holder in front of the eye, so the position of the pupil is best facing the geometric center of the lens frame, with less than 4~10 mm. If the lens shift center is very large, it may cause prism and other effects, affecting the comfort of wearing glasses.
(2). After wearing a mirror, ensure that the distance between the lens and mm. eye is about 10
If the lens is too far from the eye, not only the optical effect changes, the wearer will also see the outside of the lens, resulting in difficult positioning; if the lens is too close to the eye, the eyelash will touch the lens, not only easily cause lens blur, but also produce irritation. For this reason, it is best to ensure that the distance between the lens and mm. eye is about 10
(3). The angle between the front mirror of the glasses and the vertical line of the face of the wearer is about 4°~18°.
The size of the angle is related to the field of vision. In general, the upper part of the frame can not touch the eyebrows, and the lower part can not touch the face. If the frame can not reach the required inclination, it is recommended to find a professional to adjust the nose bracket or change a pair of frame.
(4). Glasses nose frame with moderate width.
Customers can choose the glasses frame by the following methods: keep the head vertical and forward gaze, in the mirror leg without any clamping, the frame can maintain a satisfactory position.
If the nose frame is too narrow, not only the lens will be in the position of too high in front of the eyes, but also the position where the nose frame is in contact with the nose will be uncomfortable, and even cause the skin tissue of the nose to be temporarily depressed; if the nose frame is too wide, the lens will fall too low, and the mirror leg can not keep the eye frame in normal position for a long time.
(5). The length of the leg is moderate.
In principle, the curved part of the mirror leg should be just above the ear fold part, but the pressure on the ear fold part should be avoided. If the length of the mirror leg is not enough, the glasses will tilt upward, the end of the frame will press into the back of the ear, so that the wearer feels uncomfortable; if the length of the mirror leg is too long, when the head is tilted, the rear end of the frame will touch the back of the ear, and the glasses will fall down by themselves.
It is worth noting that when trying to wear the glasses frame and estimate the length of the mirror leg, the mirror frame should be kept at the correct forward tilt angle on the face. If the forward tilt angle is not taken into account in the trial wear, the length of the mirror leg will be too short for a long time to wear.
(6). Negative diopter (commonly known as myopia degree) the deeper the mirror ring is better smaller.
(7). Generally speaking, large astigmatism should not use round frame.
(8). Considering the visual aberration, prism and other functions, ordinary consumers had better not choose the mirror frame with too large radians.
(9). For children, you can choose a transparent frame without a nose pad, the nose pad is too high will show the characteristics of the nose is more collapsed.
In addition, it is worth a special reminder that if consumers usually wear metal frame glasses, suddenly replaced by plastic frames, or vice versa, just wearing will have the feeling of maladjustment. This is because the metal frame generally has a nose support, there is a nose support can adjust the vertical distance between the lens and the eyeball, often wear metal frame will be more suitable for metal frame distance, and plastic frame frame has no nose support, so the distance can not be adjusted, just wear will have the feeling of unfit.
Generally a week or so for the adaptation period, after the adaptation period of discomfort will gradually disappear or significantly reduced, if still not alleviated, it is recommended to find professional consultation or re-use the original frame.

Cleaning and maintenance

1. with ultrasonic cleaning, by vibration to remove the dirt inside, the general eyeglass shop has this service, is basically free.
2. full frame glasses frame lens slot is dirty can oneself screw open, take off the lens and wipe clean with paper towel.
3. if the screw is loose, please get the glasses shop to tighten in time, otherwise the lens can easily fall on the ground and break. Don't handle it
4. cosmetics or cosmetic agents and other chemical beauty products, easy to make the frame fade, please use glasses special cloth or paper wipe clean.
5. most of the glasses are first from the left foot gently fold, if hard from the right first fold, will lead to the frame itself imbalance, skew, resulting in you wear uncomfortable.
6. in order to play the correct function of the glasses, the optical center of the lens is done in the right place for your eyes, please wear it in the correct position.
7. with one hand to wear glasses, easy to make the frame deformation. If the mirror frame changes, should find the local glasses master adjust the angle, do not self-adjust, so as not to break the lens, damage the frame.
8. do not put long time in the sun easy to shine, because the frame in light and pyrolysis, easy to fade. In particular, the plate frame, driving friends please do not put it on the dashboard of the car
9. dry with a special cloth for glasses. Do not touch hard lenses, do not use fingers to wipe the test lenses, please use a clean mirror cloth to wipe the pieces, reduce lens wear.
10. Do not lower the convex surface of the lens. If not, try to put into the eye box, if the glasses do not wear, please wrap the glasses with a mirror cloth, put into the mirror box, so as not to damage.
11. Please place your baby beside you at rest.

Selection of frames

Face type	Face shape analysis	Selection of frames
Elliptical face	The oval face belongs to the standard face type, generally can wear any style glasses.	Wearable Materials: All Wearable Style: All
Round face	The round face is characterized by plump cheeks, wide forehead, round chin and round overall lines. so need the hard shape frame to match. Square thick frame is the most suitable, fine frame can also be properly selected, in addition, round face is more plump and round, so choose a relatively loose frame, to avoid the frame stuck on the cheek situation. At the same time, choose a frame with small frame height and high leg position to lengthen the face.	Wearable Materials: All Wearable Style: All Wearable features: 1. frames require sharp and rigid edges; 2. frame height is small; 3. mirror leg position is high; High 4. nasal support;
Long face	The face of a long face is longer and the chin is angular. You can choose a smooth, streamlined frame to ease, but also choose a more square frame, but need to pay attention to the corner not too prominent. At the same time, to line bold eye-catching frame as the first choice. Dark color and single color is the most suitable. The wide leg of the mirror can cut the length of the long face vertically, and the high frame can shorten the length of the face visually.	Suitable Day Material: Plastic Sheet Wearable Style: Full Frame Wearable features: 1. frame requires round square; 2. frame height; 3. mirror leg position is low, width is big; 4. frame color is mainly dark single;
Square face	The square face is characterized by a wide forehead, short face shape, and no obvious lines on part of the cheek. In the selection of the frame, you can choose the oval streamlined frame and the softer square frame is the most suitable, the frame line is fine, simple. In order to elongate the face type, the frame height is small or the upper part is dark and the lower part is frame-free or light-colored frame. A high-position, narrow-width mirror leg can also help elongate the face.	Wearable Materials: All Wearable Style: Full Frame, Eyebrow Frame, Half Frame Wearable features: 1. oval or square frame with soft lines; 2. frame lines delicate and simple; 3. frame height is small; 4. mirror leg position is high, width is narrow;
melon seed face	The face half part of melon seeds is relatively wide flat, the lower part of the line is even and smooth. Generally you can wear glasses of any style. But the oval frame can best set off the beauty of this face.	Suitable Wear Material: Metal Alloy Wearable Style: Full Frame, Eyebrow Frame, Half Frame Wearable features: 1. elliptical, streamlined frame; A metal frame with 2. thin edges;
Heart type face	Heart-shaped face gives a feeling of imbalance, big and small. This type of face selection is the best mirror frame in contrast to its face shape. Should choose the upper part of the narrower frame, the higher height of the frame can reconcile the face of the upper part of the characteristics of too wide. At the same time, the higher position of the mirror foot can also play this effect.	Suitable Day Material: Plastic Sheet Wearable Style: All Wearable features: A narrow frame 1. the upper half; 2. frame height; 3. mirror foot position is high;